a2-32-01

(3R,4R)-A2-32-01 是 A2-32-01 的 (R,R)-对映异构体，具有潜在的抗菌活性。

(3S,4S)-A2-32-01 ，A2-32-01 的活性较低的 (S,S)-对映异构体。A2-32-01 是一种有效的酪蛋白分解蛋白蛋白酶 (ClpP) 抑制剂。

COX-2-IN-32（Compound 2f）为一种抑制iNOS和COX-2的化合物，能够降低NF-κB表达，并抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞中NO产生，显示出抗炎活性（IC50: 11.2 μM）。

SARS-CoV-2-IN-32 是一种 COVID-19 抑制剂。SARS-CoV-2-IN-32 对 COVID-19 主要蛋白酶 (Mpro) (PDB ID：6LU7) 表现出较好的结合亲和力 (-8.8 Kcal/mole)，且对癌细胞具有抗增殖作用。SARS-CoV-2-IN-32 能够用于研究癌症和 COVID-19。

VEGFR-2-IN-32（Comp 3a）作为一种VEGFR-2的抑制剂，其IC50值为8.93 nM。该化合物对PC-3细胞表现出细胞毒性，IC50为1.22 μM，适用于前列腺癌研究。

EOS is a ceramide found in the outer layer of the epidermis in mammals. It is comprised of an ω-hydroxy very long-chain ceramide (C28-36) esterified to the essential fatty acid linoleic acid . The consecutive regio- and stereospecific oxygenation of the linoleate portion of EOS by 12(R)-lipoxygenase (12(R)-LO) and eLOX3 is essential for the maintenance of the epidermal barrier to prevent water loss. Following oxygenation, the oxidized linoleate is hydrolyzed, leaving the ω-hydroxy end of the very long-chain fatty acid to covalently bind the protein layer, forming the corneocyte lipid envelope and sealing the gap between the extracellular lipid lamellae and the cornified cell envelope of the corneocyte.