osteoblastic

Caesappanin C 是一种联苯二聚体，提取自印度尼西亚 Caesalpinia sappan L. 的心材中，具有刺激骨形成和再生的潜力。它在体外显示出对原代成骨细胞的强增殖刺激活性。

Sciadopitysin 是一种双黄酮类化合物，来自银杏叶片中。它通过抑制NF-κB 活化并降低c-Fos 和NFATc1的表达来抑制 RANKL 诱导的破骨细胞生成和骨丢失。

Isopsoralenoside 是补骨脂多糖中的一种苯并呋喃苷。它在消化道内容物中可迅速代谢为补骨脂素。它具有雌激素样活性、促进成骨细胞增殖活性、抗肿瘤活性和抗菌活性。

Psoralenoside 是源于补骨脂中的苯并呋喃苷，具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、促进成骨细胞增殖和雌激素样活性。它对组胺 H1、钙调素和电压门控 l 型钙通道具有较高的亲和力。

Actein 是从升麻的根茎中分离的一种三萜糖苷，通过促进ROS JNK 活化和钝化人膀胱癌中的AKT 途径来抑制细胞增殖，诱导自噬和凋亡。

Tigogenin 是甾体皂甙元，普遍用于甾体类药物的合成。它能够阻碍小鼠骨髓基质细胞脂肪细胞分化，促使成骨细胞的分化。

1-Hydroxy-2,3,4,7-tetramethoxy-xanthone has vasodilatory action, causing vasodilation in the coronary artery pre-contracted with 1 μM 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), with an EC 50 value of 6.6±1.4 μM.

Gallocatechin gallate has strong antioxidative, and anti-obesity activities, it inhibits 3T3-L1 differentiation and lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation through MAPK and NF-κB signaling; it also may have anti-diabetic effects by increasing sensitivity

Dalbergioidin exhibits tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 20 mM. It shows a melanin biosynthesis inhibition zone in the culture plate of Streptomyces bikiniensis that has commonly been used as an indicator organism. Dalbergioidin protects MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells against H2O2-induced cell damage through activation of the PI3K/AKT/SMAD1 pathway, suggests that it may be useful in bone metabolism diseases, particularly osteoporosis. Dalbergioidin also ameliorates doxorubicin-induced renal fibrosis by suppressing the TGF-β signal pathway.

1-Hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone (HM-1) has vasodilator action ,which involves both an endothelium-dependent mechanism involving NO and an endothelium-independent mechanism by inhibiting Ca(2+) influx through L-type voltage-operated Ca(2+) channels; a minor contribution to the effects of HM-1 may be related to inhibition of the protein kinase C-mediated release of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. HM-1,at the concentration of 1 ug mL, can effectively inhibit the osteoclast differentiation in a co-culture system with mouse osteoblastic calvarial cells and bone marrow cells; it also can protect mice from the acute lung injury induced by ipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is relative to the increasing of IκB-α protein expression and the suppressing of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-Ⅱ protein expression.

Dalbergiphenol shows antiosteoporotic activity, dalbergiphenol treatment can effectively prevent OVX-induced increase in bone loss and decrease in bone strength possibly by increasing osteoblastic activities and by decreasing osteoclastic activities.