Propylparaben sodium (propyl parahydroxybenzoate) is a naturally occurring antimicrobial preservative found in plants and bacteria. Widely utilized in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods, this compound impairs antral follicle growth and steroidogenic function by modifying the cell-cycle, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis pathways. Additionally, propylparaben sodium reduces sperm count and motility in rats.
4,5,6,7-Tetrachlorophthalide is a fungicide used for the control of rice blast. It has a role as a melanin synthesis inhibitor and an antifungal agrochemical.
Butyl benzoate as an involatile solvent, for the sampling of isocyanates with silica gel solid-phase extraction. Butyl benzoate has been used as a preservative in commercial cosmetic lotions.