Autotaxin-IN-1 is a potent autotaxin inhibitor, which has favorable potency (IC50=2.2 nM), PK properties, and a robust PK PD relationship and it is used in treatment of osteoarthritis pain[1].
PAT-048 is an effective and selective autotaxin inhibitor. PAT-048 reduces dermal fibrosis in vivo. PAT-048 also inhibits IL-6 mRNA expression but displays no effect on autotaxin protein and pulmonary lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) production in the lung fibrosis model. PAT-048 has an IC50 and IC90 of 20 nM and 200 nM for autotaxin in mouse plasma.
Sphingomyelins are complex membrane lipids composed of phosphorylcholine, sphingosine, and an acylated group, such as a fatty acid. Lysosphingomyelin is a naturally-occurring lipid which is produced by the removal of the acylated group of sphingomyelin by a deacylase. Lysosphingomyelin may, in turn, serve as a substrate for autotaxin, which removes choline to produce sphingosine-1-phosphate. The receptors and signaling pathways that are activated by lyso-sphingosine are diverse and vary between cell types. Lysosphingomyelin occurs naturally in plasma, is a constituent of lipoproteins, and is increased in some diseases, including dermatitis and Niemann-Pick disease.
PAT-347 is a potent Autotaxin Inhibitor. Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to the bioactive lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and choline. The ATX-LPA signaling pathway is implicated in cell survival, migration, and proliferation; thus, the inhibition of ATX is a recognized therapeutic target for a number of diseases including fibrotic diseases, cancer, and inflammation, among others.
ATX inhibitor 15 (compound 30) is an indole-based carbamate derivative with a strong inhibitory effect on autotaxin (ATX), demonstrated by an IC50 of 2.17 nM. Additionally, ATX inhibitor 15 effectively inhibits ATX activity in vivo and suppresses the expression of pro-fibrotic genes. Furthermore, ATX inhibitor 15 exhibits protective effects in lung fibrosis induced by Bleomycin in mice [1].
S32826 is a highly potent inhibitor of autotaxin, exhibiting an IC50 value of 8.8 nM. It displays comparable inhibitory properties towards various autotaxin isoforms, including α, β, and γ. Furthermore, S32826 effectively inhibits the release of LPA from adipocytes.
BMP-22 is an inhibitor of autotaxin (IC50 = 170 nM). It is selective for autotaxin over the phosphodiesterases NPP6 and NPP7 at 10 μM. BMP-22 (0.1-1,000 nM) inhibits autotaxin-mediated production of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) from lysophosphatidylcholine in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. It inhibits LPC-dependent MM1 cell invasion of a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayer. BMP-22 (0.5 mg/kg per day) decreases the number of lung metastatic foci in a B16/F10 syngeneic mouse melanoma model of lung metastasis.
BI-2545 is an autotaxin (ATX) inhibitor that significantly reduces LPA. For human ATX and rat ATX, the IC50s values are 2.2 nM and 3.4 nM , respectively.
PAT-347 is a potent inhibitor of Autotaxin (ATX), a secreted enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to the bioactive lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and choline.
Cyclic Phosphatidic Acids (cPAs) are naturally occurring lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) analogs, characterized by a 5-membered ring formed between the sn-2 hydroxy group and the sn-3 phosphate. Carba-derivatives of cPA (ccPA) modify the sn-2 (2-ccPA) or sn-3 (3-ccPA) linkage, hindering the conversion of cPA into LPA. Oleoyl 3-Carbacyclic Phosphatidic Acid (3-ccPA 18:1) incorporates the 18:1 fatty acid oleate at the sn-1 position on the glycerol backbone, acting as a cyclic LPA analog. This compound, at a concentration of 25 μM, blocks MM1 cells' transcellular migration through mesothelial cell monolayers induced by fetal bovine serum (by 90.1%) or LPA (by 99.9%), without impeding cell proliferation. Additionally, 3-ccPA 18:1, in the 0.1-1.0 μM range, notably suppresses autotaxin, which plays a vital role in various cancer cell behaviors including survival, growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis.