D-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate sodium salt hydrate 是碳水化合物代谢的中间体,包括糖酵解和糖异生。在糖酵解过程中,它是由磷酸果糖激酶磷酸化果糖-6-磷酸产生的。由果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶-1介导的逆反应是糖异生的限速步骤之一。同样的反应也发生在植物的叶绿体中,D-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate sodium salt hydrate 作为还原性戊糖磷酸循环的一部分。由于癌细胞采用糖酵解作为代谢能量产生的主要来源,这一途径已成为癌症化疗的主要靶点。
Halociline, a derivative of alkaloids that can be isolated from the marine fungus Penicillium griseofulvum, targets MAPK1, MMP-9, and PIK3CA in gastric cancer cells. This action is potentially mediated by diverse pathways, including cancer, lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance. Halociline possesses antimicrobial, antioxidant, and biofilm inhibitory activities [1] [2].
AD57, as polypharmacological cancer therapeutic, is designed to regulate multiple targets related to cancer blocks the receptor tyrosine kinase RET in Drosophila (IC50: 2 nM). AD57 effectively suppresses tyrosine kinase RET, weakens the activity of numero
17β-hydroxy Exemestane is the primary active metabolite of exemestane . It is formed by metabolism of exemestane by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP1A and CYP4A11. 17β-hydroxy Exemestane is an aromatase inhibitor (IC50 = 69 nM using human placental microsomes) and an androgen receptor (AR) agonist (IC50 = 39.6 nM) that is selective for AR over estrogen receptor α (ERα; IC50 = 21.2 μM). It stimulates growth of AR- and ERα-positive MCF-7 (EC50 = 2.7 μM) and T47D breast cancer cells (EC50s = 0.43 and 1,500 nM for AR- and ER-mediated growth, respectively) and inhibits proliferation of testosterone-treated aromatase-overexpressing MCF-7aro cells in a concentration-dependent manner. 17β-hydroxy Exemestane (20 mg/kg) inhibits increases in serum cholesterol and LDL levels and prevents decreases in bone mineral density in the lumbar vertebrae and femur, as well as femoral bending strength and compressive strength of the fifth lumbar vertebrae, in ovariectomized rats.
Aspulvinone O is a fungal metabolite that has been found in P. variotti and has antioxidant and anticancer activities.1,2 It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 11.6 μM).1 Aspulvinone O inhibits aspartate transaminase 1 (GOT1; Kd = 3.32 μM) and is cytotoxic to PANC-1, AsPC-1, and SW1990 pancreatic cancer cells (IC50s = 20.54-26.8 μM).2 It reduces the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and induces apoptosis in SW1990 cells. Aspulvinone O (2.5 and 5 mg kg) reduces tumor growth in an SW1990 mouse xenograft model. |1. Zhang, P., Li, X.-M., Wang, J.-N., et al. New butenolide derivatives from the marine-derived fungus Paecilomyces variotii with DPPH radical scavenging activity. Phytochem. Lett. 11, 85-88 (2015).|2. Sun, W., Luan, S., Qi, C., et al. Aspulvinone O, a natural inhibitor of GOT1 suppresses pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells growth by interfering glutamine metabolism. Cell Commun. Signal. 17(1), 111 (2019).
Lentztrehalose A, a disaccharide microbial metabolite identified in Lentzea, exhibits a range of biological activities. This compound specifically inhibits M. smegmatis trehalase—an enzyme involved in trehalose metabolism—more effectively than trehalase from porcine kidney, with IC50 values of 0.67 mM and >20 mM, respectively. Additionally, Lentztrehalose A at a concentration of 100 mM promotes autophagy in MeWo melanoma and OVK18 ovarian cancer cells. When administered at 50 mg kg daily, it enhances survival rates and impedes tumor growth in a Sarcoma 180 murine sarcoma model.
Lentztrehalose B, a microbial disaccharide metabolite isolated from Lentzea, exhibits a range of biological activities. At a concentration of 100 µM, it demonstrates antioxidant properties in an oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Furthermore, Lentztrehalose B at 10 mM inhibits porcine kidney trehalase, an enzyme involved in trehalose metabolism. Additionally, it induces autophagy in MeWo melanoma and OVK18 ovarian cancer cells when applied at 100 mM.